瑞典专利SE0900848A1 Drilling tools for chip separating machining as well as loose stop and basic body for this

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专利摘要:
The invention relates to a loose-top type drilling tool, of the type comprising a base body (1) having a front jaw (14) defined by two elastically flexible legs (15) and an intermediate axial support surface (16), which is intended to receive interchangeable loose stop (2). In this case, the legs (15) transmit torque to the loose top (2) via tangential contact surfaces (36) thereon, at the same time as inner support surfaces (17) on the legs are resiliently pressed against side contact surfaces (24) on the loose top to pinch it. When mounting the loose top, it is inserted axially between the legs (15) and the adjacent tangential support surfaces (20) are rotated into contact with the tangential contact surfaces (36) on the loose top. To temporarily coarsely center the loose top in connection with the rotation, the loose top is formed with convex guide surfaces (26), which are placed axially between the axial contact surface (11) and the side contact surfaces (24). In this way no protruding guide pins are required from the axial contact surface to the rear, so that the loose top can be manufactured in a particularly compact design, in which the length of the loose top is smaller than its diameter. In addition to the composite drilling tool, the invention also relates to a loose top as such and a base body as such. Publication image Pig. 3
公开号:SE0900848A1
申请号:SE0900848
申请日:2009-06-23
公开日:2010-12-24
发明作者:Helena Paebel
申请人:Sandvik Intellectual Property；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

35 40 45 50 55 090623 12973sE 2 the basic body must necessarily be removed from the driving machine. Furthermore, it must be possible to transmit torque in a reliable manner from the rotatable, driven basic body to the loose top. Another requirement is that the basic body must be able to absorb the rearward axial forces without difficulty, which the loose top is subjected to during drilling. Furthermore, the loose top must be kept centered in a reliable way relative to the basic body. Another requirement is that the loose top must be held to the base body not only during drilling of a hole, but also while pulling the drilling tool out of it. In addition, the tool, and in particular the loose top made of expensive material, must be able to be manufactured at low cost.
Prior art A drilling tool of the type stated in the preamble of claim 1 is previously known from US 6506003 B 1. The conspicuous feature of this drilling tool is that the mantle surface of the loose tip extends only along about half the length of the loose tip, namely from the front, edge-bearing the end of a pair of transverse shoulder surfaces, which form transitions towards two axially rear side contact surfaces, against which the inner support surfaces of elastically flexible legs are employable for resiliently clamping the loose top. These side contact surfaces are formed on a pin-like portion, which projects axially rearwardly relative to the rear shoulder surfaces of the casing surface, and which at its very rear end includes a pair of convex guide surfaces. For the transmission of torque from the base body to the loose top, the latter is designed with a pair of lugs, which project a short distance backwards in relation to the rear shoulder surfaces of the mantle surface. Against tangential contact surfaces on these lugs, cooperating tangential support surfaces on a pair of front, finger-like portions of the legs can be applied. The axial forces can be transmitted from the loose top to the base body either via said shoulder surfaces and cooperating axial support surfaces on the front parts of the legs, or via the rear end of the loose top and the area of the bottom between the legs.
A disadvantage of the known drilling tool is of a manufacturing technical nature and consists in the fact that the requirements for dimensional accuracy are high. Thus, the current tool construction requires a narrow or narrow fit not only between the cooperating pairs of inner support surfaces on the legs and the outer side contact surfaces on the loose top, but also between the cooperating pairs of concave and convex guide surfaces, which are designed partly adjacent to the bottom of the jaw. on the rear end portion of the loose tip, and which are to be engaged with each other in connection with the extension of the loose tip to the operative end position. This means that even the initial surface contact between the guide surfaces (before the rotation of the loose top begins) can give rise to a marked rotational resistance, which is then accentuated when contact between the pairs of inner support surfaces and side contact surfaces is established. In other words, the total manual force required to turn the loose top to its end position can be troublesome.
Another disadvantage is that the torque transmission between the base body and the loose top takes place exclusively via the comparatively short lugs, which protrude backwards from the rear end of the outer surface of the loose top. In other words, the tangential support surfaces and the tangential contact surfaces necessarily become small and can cause such high surface pressures that there is a risk of deformation damage, especially in the anterior portions of the legs. In this context, it should be recalled that drilling tools of the type in question can have a diameter as limited as about 8 mm, whereby the current, torque-transmitting surfaces can be only millimeters in size. A further disadvantage is that the total axial length of the loose top is noticeable in relation to the diameter (2: 1), more precisely as a consequence of the front part, along which the mantle surface extends, occupying approximately 50% of the total length, while the remaining 50 % is used by the rear pin part. This means that the total volume of the loose top in relation to the diameter becomes large and causes expensive material consumption during manufacture. Another disadvantage is that the pinch or grip of the legs on the loose top is limited to the rear half of the loose top, while the upper half of it lacks lateral support.
OBJECTS AND FEATURES OF THE INVENTION The present invention aims at obviating the above-mentioned disadvantages of the drilling tool known from US 6506003 and creating an improved drilling tool. A primary purpose of the invention is therefore to create a drilling tool, the loose top of which has a minimum length - and thus a minimal volume - in relation to its diameter, and which can be manufactured with minimal requirements for dimensional accuracy, and mounted in the associated jaw in the base body. in a simple and smooth way. In this case, the loose top must be able to be kept roughly centered in an initial position before turning towards its operative end position, without therefore having to be designed with a special centering pin, which would be added to the length of the loose top. A further object is to create a drilling tool with a loose stop, which in its entirety is kept reliably clamped between the legs of the base body. Another object of the invention is to create a drilling tool, the base body and loose top of which are designed so that large torques can be transferred between them without obvious risk of deformation damage. Furthermore, the drilling tool must enable quick and easy replacements of the loose top, without aids other than a simple wrench and without the basic body necessarily having to be removed from the driving machine. Important factors to ensure smooth replacements are that the loose top can be inserted between the legs without defects, and that the legs must offer the least possible resistance to the rotation of the loose top to its operative end position, without sacrificing the legs' ability to hold the loose top securely fastened under drilling. In a special aspect, the invention also aims to create a drilling tool, which in connection with the installation of the loose top allows the operator to - in tactile and / or auditory way - clearly notice when the loose top reaches its operational end position.
According to the invention, at least the primary object is achieved by means of the features stated in the characterizing part of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the drilling tool according to the invention are further stated in the dependent claims 2-14.
In a second aspect, the invention further relates to a loose stop as such.
The vital features of this peak are set out in the independent claim 15.
In a third aspect, the invention also relates to a basic body as such, which is defined in the independent claim 26.
Summary of the invention The invention is based on the idea of utilizing the inherently limited length of an advantageously compact loose top in an optimum manner for the torque transmission, while the means required to temporarily center the loose top in connection with the turning in the jaw can be integrated in the loose top without being unnecessarily added to its total length. This is done by allowing the individual tangential contact surface on the loose top to extend from its rear end towards the front end and merge into both the side contact surface and a guide surface via a niche surface common to these. In this way, the control surfaces necessary for the temporary centering do not have to be located axially behind the tangential contact surfaces.
Terminology In the following description and claims, a number of cooperating pairs of surfaces on the base body and the loose top, respectively, will be described. When these surfaces occur on the base body, the same are called "support surfaces", while the corresponding surfaces on the loose top are called "" contact surfaces "(eg" axial support surface "and" axial contact surface "). In order to further distinguish different surfaces from each other, such pre ﬁ x as “axial” and “tangential” are also used in the terms axial support surfaces / axial contact surfaces and tangential support surfaces / tangential contact surfaces, respectively.
However, these prefixes do not refer to how the different surfaces are geometrically located in the tool, but rather to the directions in which they transmit and absorb forces, respectively. It should also be pointed out that the loose top comprises a rear end, which in the exemplary embodiments has the shape of a flat surface and serves as an axial contact surface for abutment against an axial support surface in the basic body. Depending on the context, this surface will be referred to as either the "rear end" or the "axial contact surface". In the drawings, the cooperating surfaces which are in contact with each other in the operative state of the drilling tool are shown with similar surface patterns.
Brief description of the accompanying drawings In the drawings: Fig. 1 is a cut perspective view of a first embodiment of a drilling tool according to the invention, the basic tool and loose top of the drilling tool being shown in assembled condition, Fig. 2 an exploded perspective view showing the loose top separated from the basic body; an enlarged exploded view showing the loose top in frog perspective view and the front end of the base body in bird's eye view, Fig. 4 an exploded view showing the base body and the loose top in side view, Fig. 5 an end view VV in Fig. 4 showing the basic body from the front, Fig. 6 an end view VI-VI in Fig. Fig. 7 showing the loose top from behind, Fig. 7 a cross-section VII-VII in Fig. 4, Fig. 8 a partial perspective view showing the loose top inserted in the jaw of the basic body in a state when the turning thereof towards an operative end position is to begin, Fig. 9 a cross-section showing how two pairs of guide surfaces interact with each other, Fig. 10 a perspective exploded view showing a basic body and a loose stop for an alternative embodiment of a drilling rig fabric according to the invention, more particularly in bird's-eye view, Fig. 11 is an exploded view showing the same basic body and loose top in frog perspective view, Fig. 12 a perspective exploded view showing a further embodiment, the loose top of the tool being shown in frog-perspective view, and Fig. 13 is a bird's eye view of the loose top according to Fig. 12.
Detailed Description of Preferred Embodiments of the Invention The drilling tool shown in Figs. 1 and 2 has the features of a so-called spiral drill and comprises partly a base body or drill body 1, partly a loose top 2, in which cutting edges 3 are included. In its composite, operative condition according to Fig. 1, the drilling tool is rotatable about a geometric center axis denoted by C, more precisely in the direction of rotation R. 2 it appears that the base body 1 comprises front and rear ends 4, 5, between which extends a center axis C1 specific to the base body. In the rearward direction from the front end 4, a cylindrical shell surface 6 extends, in which are recessed two chip channels 7, which in this case are helical, but which could also be straight as in nail drills. In the example, the chip channels 7 end in a collar 8 forming part of a rear part 9, which is intended to be fastened to a driving machine (not shown). The loose top 2 also includes front and rear ends 10, 11 and a separate center axis C2, with which two convex sub-surfaces 12, which together form a mantle surface, are concentric. The two jacket surfaces 12 are separated by two helical chip channels 13 (see also Fig. 3), which form extensions of the chip channels 7 of the base body 1, when the loose top is mounted on the base body. To the extent that the loose top 2 is centered correctly in relation to the base body 1, the individual center axes C1 and C2 coincide with the center axis C of the composite drilling tool.
Since most of the basic body 1 lacks interest in connection with the invention, only its front end portion will henceforth be illustrated together with the loose top 2, more precisely on an enlarged scale.
Referring now to Figs. 3-9, Figs. 3 and 4 show how the base body 11 in its front end includes a jaw 14 defined between two identical legs 15 and an intermediate bottom 16. Each leg 15 includes an inner support surface 17, which in this case is flat and extends axially backwards from a front end surface 18. The surfaces 17, 18 merge into each other via a boundary line 19. Furthermore, the individual leg comprises a tangential support surface 20, which is turned forwards in the direction of rotation R, i.e. is leading. An opposite, 180 185 190 195 200 205 rotationally trailing surface of the leg is included as an axially front part 21a of the concave surface 21, which is present between two helical boundary lines 22, 23 and which delimits the chip channel 7. Each leg 15 is elastic flexible to be able to be resiliently clamped against the loose top. This flexibility is realized in practice in that the material in at least the front part of the basic body has a certain inherent elasticity, suitably by being made of steel. The material in the loose top 2 can in turn in the traditional way consist of cemented carbide (hard carbide particles in binder metal), cermet, ceramic or the like.
The inner support surfaces 17 of the legs 15 are arranged to be pressed against side contact surfaces 24 on the loose top 2. Axially behind the inner support surfaces 17 a pair of concave guide surfaces 25 are formed, which are arranged to cooperate with convex guide surfaces 26 located axially behind the loose top side contact surfaces 24. The individual inner support surface 17 the concave guide surface 25 via a transition surface 27. In an analogous manner, the surfaces 24 and 26 merge into each other via a transition surface 28.
As far as the drilling tool shown so far has been described, it has similarities with the drilling tool previously known from the above-mentioned US 6506003 B1.
A basic idea behind the inventive drilling tool is that the guide surfaces 25, 26 should only interact with each other temporarily, namely during the initial turning of the loose top towards the operative end position. In the preferred embodiment shown, both the concave guide surfaces 25 and the convex guide surfaces 26 are cylindrical and concentric with the respective center axes C1, C2. They could also have another rotationally symmetrical basic shape e.g. conical or be composed (individually or simultaneously) of both a cylindrical sub-surface and a conical.
In Figs. 5 and 6, ID denotes an inner diameter or a diametrical dimension between the two concave guide surfaces 25, while OD denotes an outer diameter or a diametrical dimension between the convex guide surfaces 26. According to the invention, the inner diameter ID is slightly larger than the outer diameter OD. In practice, the difference between ID and OD can be minimal and amount to one or a few tenths of a millimeter. The difference is not large enough that the guide surfaces 25, 26 should, on the one hand, move free from each other when the loose top is turned to its operative end position, but, on the other hand, ensure that the loose top is kept provisionally centered, ie. located in a central position between the legs, when the twisting should begin. As shown in Fig. 3, the rear end of the loose top is represented by a flat surface 11 which extends at right angles to the center axis C2 to serve as an axial contact surface which is attachable to the bottom serving as an axial support surface. 16 in the jaw 14 of the basic body.
The surface 11 extends diametrically between two convex boundary lines 29, which in the example form direct transitions towards the mantle surfaces 12, the surface 11 having a §-like contour shape.
The front end 10 of the loose top 2, in which the cutting edges 3 are included, is represented by an end surface, which is composed of several sub-surfaces (see Figs. 4 and 8), which in this case are in pairs identical and therefore not described separately. When the individual cutting edge 3 (viewed in the direction of rotation) is formed, a primary clearance surface 30 is formed, which has a moderate clearance angle and merges into a secondary clearance surface 31 with a larger clearance angle.
The surface 31 in turn merges with a third clearance surface 32, which has an even larger clearance angle and forms a transition towards a rear chip channel 13. In the vicinity of the cutting edge 3 the concave boundary surface of the chip channel 13 forms a chip surface which merges into a convex partial surface 33. Furthermore, it should be noted that a guide strip 34 is formed in connection with the jacket surface 12, the main task of which is to guide the drilling tool. The diameter of the drilled hole is determined by the diametrical distance between the peripheral points 3a, in which the cutting edges 3 meet the guide strips 34. It should also be pointed out that the two cutting edges 3 converge in a tip 35, which forms the foremost part of the loose top, and in which enter into a so-called chisel egg and a minimal centering stud, which is not visible to the naked eye.
In Fig. 4, D1 denotes the diameter of the loose top (= the diameter of the drilled hole), while L denotes the total length of the loose top between the tip 35 and the axial contact surface 11. In the preferred embodiment shown, the length L is significantly smaller than the diameter D. More specifically, L amounts to approx. . 70% of D. This means that the loose top is extremely compact in relation to its diameter, which means that the material consumption in it is minimized.
Inwardly from each jacket surface 12, a torque absorbing tangential contact surface 36 extends (see Figs. 3 and 7), which meets the jacket surface 12 along a boundary line 37. This tangential contact surface 36 is thus located radially inside the jacket surface 12, but radially outside the side contact surface 24. As shown in Figs. 7, the surfaces 12, 36 converge towards each other at an acute convergence angle u, which in the example amounts to approx. 50 °. The angle ß between the tangential contact surface 36 and the flat support surface 24 in the example is also acute, although considerably larger than d. In the example, ß amounts to approx. 86 ”. 240 245 250 255 260 265 270 090623 12973EN 9 In Fig. 7, IC further denotes the so-called core, which is constituted by an inscribed circle between the adjacent portions of the concave chip channel surfaces 13.
Extending radially outwards from this core are two booms 38, which are generally delimited between the surfaces 13, 12, 36 and 24. As can be seen from Figs. 3 and 7, the individual side contact surface 24 in the preferred embodiment shown is planar and extended from the core IC by the presence of a portion of life or goods 39 of a certain thickness. In other words, the side contact surface 24 can be said to be part of a material body on the outside of the core IC. Furthermore, it should be pointed out that the two side contact surfaces 24 are parallel to each other, when the loose top is viewed in cross section (see Fig. 7).
The individual tangential contact surface 36 (see Fig. 3) extends (with the exception of a smaller, S-shaped transition or release surface 40) from the rear end ll of the loose top towards the front 10. Inside the tangential contact surface 36 there is a whole 41 symbolically denoted , concave niche surface, which includes a number of concave sub-surfaces, namely a front sub-surface 42, which adjoins the side contact surface 24, and a rear sub-surface 43, which adjoins the convex guide surface 26. Between the two sub-surfaces 42 and 43 a third, concave sub-surface 44, which forms a radial transition between the tangential contact surface 36 and the transition surface 28 between the surfaces 24 and 26. In the preferred embodiment shown, the tangential contact surface 36 extends all the way from the rear end of the loose tip or axial contact surface 11 to the front end 10. More specifically, the surface 36 between a rear boundary line 45 and a front boundary line 46, the latter forming a transition between the surface 36 and the front end of the loose end. the included clearance surface 31 (cf. Fig. 8). From the above it appears that the axial length of the tangential contact surface 36 (between the boundary lines 45, 46) is substantially equal to the sum of the axial length or extent of the surfaces 24, 26 and 28.
In other words, the tangential contact surface 36 is significantly longer than the side contact surface 24. For this reason, the per se limited axial extent of the compact loose top is used to create an optimally large tangential contact surface 36.
As further shown in Fig. 3, there is a first, convex sub-surface 47 between the inner support surface 17 of the individual leg and the tangential support surface 20. Similar, convex sub-surfaces 48, 49 also exist between the concave guide surface 25 and the tangential support surface 20 and between the transition surface 27 and the tangential support surface 20. 47, 48, 49 form clearance surfaces, which generally have a larger radius of curvature than the corresponding, concave partial or clearance surfaces 42, 43, 44 on the loose top. In this way, gaps are formed between the pairs of sub-surfaces, when the loose top assumes its operative end position in the jaw 14. In the same end position, the concave transition surface 275 280 285 290 295 300 also adjoins the axial support surface 16 from the convex transition surface 40 in connection. to the axial contact surface ll.
With further reference to Fig. 3, it should further be pointed out that the individual side contact surface 24 extends axially backwards from the front end of the loose top. More specifically, the surface 24 is axially delimited between front and rear boundary lines 51, 52, the front of which forms a transition towards the clearance surface 31 (see also Fig. 8). Laterally, the surface 24 is defined by rotationally advancing and subsequent lateral boundary lines 53, 54, respectively, the latter forming or forming part of a boundary edge adjacent to a triangular intermediate surface 55.
In the example, the boundary edge 54 is straight.
Like the axial contact surface 11, the axial support surface 16 extends between two diametrically opposite, arcuate boundary lines 56. Advantageously, the two surfaces 11 and 16 have an identical, §-like contour shape, whereby they have full surface contact with each other when the loose top assumes its operative end position.
Reference is now made to Figs. 5-7, in which DL1 (see Fig. 5) denotes an imaginary first diameter line, which extends the shortest possible distance between the flat and mutually parallel inner support surfaces 17 on the legs, when these are unloaded. In other words, the diametrical line of a DL1 extends at right angles to the respective inner support surface. It is axiomatic that any other, arbitrary diameter line (ie a straight line through the center axis C1) extending between the inner support surfaces 17 will be longer than just the diameter line DL1. This applies regardless of whether the imaginary line is rotated clockwise or counterclockwise about the center axis Cl.
In Fig. 7, DL2 denotes a second, imaginary diametrical line extending between the boundary edges 54 of the two side contact surfaces 24. This diametrical line DL2 is slightly longer than the diametrical line a DL1. In practice, the length difference between DL1 and DL2 can only amount to one or a few hundredths of a millimeter and, for example, be in the range 0.02-0, 1.0 mm. It should also be noted that diametrical line a DL2 between the boundary edges 54 of the loose top forms an acute angle y with the respective side contact surface 24. In the example, this angle y amounts to approx. 85 °.
In Fig. 8, V denotes the direction in which the loose top 2 is rotated to reach its operative end position. This direction of rotation V is opposite to the direction of rotation R. of the drilling tool R. 305 310 315 320 325 330 090623 12973sE 11 As best seen in Fig. 3, the guide surface 26 is partially displaced in tangential direction relative to the side contact surface 24, more specifically in offset backwards relative to the direction of rotation R relative to the limiting edge 54 of the side contact surface 24, i.e. to the left in Fig. 3. During the turning of the loose top in the direction of rotation V, the boundary line 26a will therefore move before the boundary edge 54. The practical consequence of this is that the guide surfaces 26 can begin to cooperate with the guide surfaces 25 in order to temporarily coarsely center the loose tip even before the boundary edges 54. comes into contact with the inner support surfaces 17 of the legs 15. In other words, the loose top cannot be pushed laterally out of the jaw 14 as soon as its axial contact surface 11 is fitted against the axial support surface 16.
It should be noted that the two concave guide surfaces 25 in the rear part of the jaw 14 are formed on edge portions which are thickened inwards in relation to the legs 15 in general. As a result, the individual tangential contact surface 20 (see Fig. 3) becomes substantially L-shaped when ground. Thus, instead of being evenly wide, the tangential support surface 20 becomes wider along the rear, thickened edge portion of the leg 15 than along the front portion thereof. An advantage of the thickened edge portion is that the leg as a whole becomes very robust and can transmit large tangential forces without being deformed. In particular, it should be noted that the flexibility or elasticity required for the leg to bend and apply a tension force to the release tip can be concentrated to the front half of the leg as the tension occurs along the side contact surface 24 located at the front half of the release tip 2. , while the rear half of the leg 15 may be substantially inflexible.
Function and advantages of the invention In Fig. 8 the loose top 2 is shown in a starting position, in which it is inserted axially into the jaw between the legs 15 of the basic body, but without having been turned in to its operative end position.
Already in this initial position, the convex guide surfaces 26 have been inserted partially between the concave guide surfaces 25 on the insides of the leg clamps 15. In this way it is ensured that the loose top is roughly centered relative to the jaw, ie. is kept in a central position between the legs (without being exactly centered in relation to the center axis C1 of the base body) even before the limiting edges 54 of the side contact surfaces 24 come into contact with the inner support surfaces 17 of the legs 15. When the rotation is started, the limiting edges 54 of the two side contact surfaces 24 strike the inner support surfaces 17 and bend the legs while applying a tension or spring force in these, more precisely due to the length difference between DL1 and DL2. Just when the two diametrical lines DL1 and DL2 coincide with each other, the loose top passes a dead position, in which the spring force in the legs is maximum, after which the loose top is rotated a short distance further until the tangential contact surfaces 36 are applied to the tangential support surfaces 20 of the legs. its operative end position, the spring force has been reduced somewhat in relation to its maximum value in the dead position, but without having gone out. In other words, the spring force in the operative end position is still sufficient to reliably pinch the loose top between the legs. During the final phase of the inversion, ie. the short arc length between the dead position and the end position, the operator notices that the loose top reaches the intended end position, either by tactile path in the angles or by an audible clicking sound (or a combination of both of these utterances).
From Fig. 9 it can be seen that arcuate gaps 57 occur between the pairs of guide surfaces 25, 26, when the loose top assumes its operative end position, more precisely as a result of the aforementioned difference in diameter between OD and ID.
Disassembly of the loose top takes place by turning it in the opposite direction to the direction of rotation V. In both assembly and disassembly, the required torque can be applied by means of a wrench (not shown), which is caused to engage in grooves 58 in the transitions between a release surface 31 and and mantle surface 12 (see Fig. 8).
A fundamental advantage of the invention is that the tool, and in particular the loose top manufactured in large series, can be produced without insurmountable requirements for dimensional accuracy, more precisely by the number of surfaces that need to be precision machined, e.g. by grinding, reduced to a minimum. The surfaces of the loose top according to the invention, which require precision machining to ensure good holding and good centering of the loose top, are easily accessible and consist only of the pairs of side contact surfaces and tangential contact surfaces, while the guide surfaces do not need to be precision machined. in connection with the initiation of the extension of the loose top. In the operative end position of the loose top, on the other hand, the cooperating pairs of convex and concave guide surfaces lack contact with each other. Another advantage of the invention is that the loose stop can be designed with large tangential contact surfaces even though the loose top is compact and short in comparison with the loose top known by US 6506003 B1. In this way, relatively large torques can be transmitted from the limbs of the basic body to the loose top without risk of deformation damage. The fact that the rear parts of the sideboards are too thick and robust also contributes to this. Furthermore, the loose top can be mounted in a fast and convenient way in that the kraft force that must be overcome to bring the loose top to the end position only appears momentarily for a short moment and not uniformly during the turning in its entirety. It is also an advantage that the nip between the legs and the loose top is established along the axially front part of the loose top rather than towards the rear. Thus, the two side contact surfaces against which the legs are clamped are located in the immediate vicinity of the clearance surfaces included in the front end.
Reference is now made to Figs. 10 and 11, which illustrate an alternative embodiment, which differs from the previously described embodiment, inter alia in that the side contact surfaces 24 of the loose top 2 are convex and the inner support surfaces 17 of the legs 15 are concave, and not planar.
Furthermore, the free, front ends of the legs 15 are formed with brackets or lips 59, which project radially forward in the direction of rotation from the axially trailing tangential support surfaces 20. The latter in this case run substantially parallel to the center axis C1 of the base body. The lips 59 form locking means which counteract inadvertent wear of the loose top from the jaw 14, e.g. in connection with the drilling tool being pulled out of a drilled hole. The individual lip 59 is wedge-shaped and has a rearwardly inclined stop surface 60, which faces a similarly inclined surface 61 included in the front end of the loose top. However, these surfaces 60, 61 do not have contact with each other as long as the loose top is clamped with a spring force. , which is large enough to prevent wear. However, if the forces which seek to tear out of the loose top overcome the spring force in the legs, the surfaces 61 will be pressed against the stop surfaces 60 and prevent further axial displacement of the loose top. In this context, it should be mentioned that the drilling tool during extraction from the drilled hole is still caused to rotate in the direction of rotation R. In this way the tangential support surfaces 20 are kept in continuous contact with the tangential contact surfaces 36 behind the lip 59, so the lips 59 prevent wear in a foolproof manner.
An analogous, axial locking of the release top 2 is ensured in the embodiment according to Figs. 1-9 in that the cooperating tangential support surfaces 20 and the tangential contact surfaces 36 are inclined (see Fig. 8 and the boundary line 37 in Fig. 4) in such a way that an arbitrary front contact point between the surfaces is rotationally leading in relation to each contact point behind. Therefore, when the individual tangential support surface 20 is held pressed against the associated tangential contact surface 36 during extension and simultaneous rotation of the drilling tool, a force is applied to the release tip which seeks to press the axial contact surface 11 of the release tip against the axial support surface 16 and the resulting support surface 16. this effectively counteracts unintentional axial wear of the loose top.
Figs. 12 and 13 illustrate a further embodiment with another type of means for axial locking of the loose top. In this case, the locking means partly comprises seats 62 formed in the rear ends of the legs 15, and partly two locking means 63 on the loose top. The individual seat 62 consists of a groove which is recessed in the individual leg 15 and located between the tangential support surface 20 of the leg and the axial support surface 16 of the base body. The individual male member 63 in turn consists of a ridge which is located axially behind the tangential contact surface 36 and connects In other words, the ridge 63 projects laterally relative to the tangential contact surface 36, its rear part merging with the axial contact surface 11. When the loose top is turned into its operative position, the ridges 63 engage in the grooves 62, but without the ridges having surface contact with the gutters. In the same way as in the previously described embodiment, the ridges 63 will only be activated if the negative axial forces on the loose top overcome the spring force in the legs.
Fig. 12 also indicates how the base body 1 can include coolant channels 64 for cooling the cutting edges of the loose top and surfaces connected thereto (also applies to other embodiments). These coolant channels 64 open into the front end surfaces 18 of the legs 15.
Conceivable modifications of the invention The invention is not limited only to the embodiments described above and shown in the drawings. Thus, for example, the axial contact surface of the loose top and / or the axial support surface of the base body can be modified by being composed of two or two spaced apart surfaces, which are located in a common plane. However, a coherent, flat surface, of the type exemplified in the drawings, is preferred. Although the axial contact surface in the exemplary embodiments passes directly into the mantle surfaces via the two diametrically opposite end boundary lines, there may also be a narrow transition surface between the individual end boundary line and the mantle surface. Nor is it necessary for the tangential contact surfaces of the loose top to extend all the way from the rear end or axial contact surface of the loose top to the front end. However, as the requirements for the transmission of tangential forces or torques are high, the exemplary embodiment is preferred. With regard to the cooperating pairs of guide surfaces, it is conceivable to design only one type, e.g. the concave guide surfaces, with a genuinely cylindrical and / or conical basic shape, while the second type can be designed with one or ﬂ sub-surfaces, which are located at equal radial distances from a center axis. As clarified by the alternative embodiments exemplified, the invention is applicable regardless of whether the inner support surfaces of the legs and the side contact surfaces of the loose top are flat or curved. In this context, it should be pointed out that the axial contact surface of the loose top can either be directly pressed or precision machined, e.g. ground. It should also be pointed out here that the support surfaces included in the jaw of the basic body, which cooperate with the surfaces of the loose top, usually obtain good precision already in connection with them being formed by chip-separating processing. In other words, these surfaces do not normally require any finishing. Furthermore, after the individual cutting edge on the loose top, only one clearing surface can be designed instead of ﬂ era. Finally, it should be said that the drilling tool in question - like other, arbitrary drilling tools - can be used either by rotating and machining an immovable workpiece, or by being clamped and machining a rotating workpiece.

权利要求:
Claims (25)
[1]
Drilling tools for chip removal processing, comprising on the one hand a base body (1), which comprises: a) front and rear ends (4, 5) and a casing surface (6), which comprises two countersunk chip channels (7) and is concentric with a first geometric center axis (C1), around which the base body is rotatable in a given direction of rotation (R), and a loose stop (2), which includes: b) front and rear ends (10, 11), the rear of which forms an axial contact surface (11), and a pair with a second geometric center axis (C2) concentric mantle surfaces (12), and two relative to these recessed chip channels (13) between which are delimited two from a central core (IC) radially projecting bars (38), which in the front end (10) each includes its cutting edge (3) and at least one rotational release surface (30, 31, 32) rotationally thereafter, c) two opposite side contact surfaces (24), d) a pair axially located behind the side contact surfaces (24), convex guide surfaces (26), which are concentric with the center axis (C2) and radial lt spaced therefrom by a distance less than the radial distance between the center axis (C2) and the individual side contact surface (24), and e) a pair of torque absorbing tangential contact surfaces (36) located radially within the jacket surfaces (12) and outside the side contact surfaces (24), the front end (4) of the base body (1) comprising a jaw (14), which is delimited by a bottom (16) serving as an axial support surface against which the axial contact surface (11) of the loose top (2) is abutable, and two axially projecting circumferentially located legs (15) from the bottom (16), which are elastically flexible and have the task of clamping the loose top (2) in an operative end position in the jaw (14), more precisely by a pair of inner support surfaces ( 17) on the legs (15) is resiliently pressed against the side contact surfaces (24) of the loose top, and a pair of rotationally advancing tangential support surfaces (20) on the legs are abutable against the tangential contact surfaces (36) of the loose top, and axially behind the inner support the surfaces (17) are arranged concave guide surfaces (25) for co-operation with the two convex guide surfaces (26) of the loose top, and the loose top being axially insertable in the jaw (14) of the base body and rotatable to and from an operative end position, in 470 475 480 485 490 495 17 which the tangential support surfaces (20) of the legs (15) are abutted against the tangential contact surfaces (36) of the loose top, characterized in that the axial contact surface (11) of the loose top extends at right angles to the center axis (C2) of the loose top, more precisely between 29) adjacent to the two mantle surfaces (12), and that a largest diameter (ID) between the pair of concave guide surfaces (25) on the legs (15) is larger than an analog diameter (OD) between the pair of convex guide surfaces (26) on the loose top (2) so that the guide surfaces shall, on the one hand, temporarily hold the loose top in a central position during the rotation towards the operative end position, but, on the other hand, lack contact with each other in the latter position.
[2]
Drilling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the individual tangential contact surface (36) on the loose top (2) extends from its axial contact surface (1 1) towards the front end (10) and merges into both a side contact surface (24) and a guide surface. (26) via a niche surface (41), the tangential support surface (20) of the individual leg (15) having an axial extent which is greater than the axial extent of the inner support surface (17).
[3]
Drilling tool according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the individual tangential contact surface (36) on the loose top (2) extends all the way from the axial contact surface (11) to a clearance surface (31) included in the front end (10).
[4]
Drilling tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the axial support surface (16) extends at right angles to the center axis (C1) of the base body, more precisely between opposite boundary lines (56) towards the circumferential surface (6) of the base body.
[5]
Drilling tool according to Claim 4, characterized in that the axial support surface (16) of the base body (1) and the axial contact surface (11) of the loose top (2) have an identical contour shape.
[6]
Drilling tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two concave guide surfaces (25) on the insides of the pouring clamps (15) are cylindrical and / or conical.
[7]
Drilling tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two convex guide surfaces (26) on the loose top (2) are cylindrical and / or conical.
[8]
Drilling tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an imaginary first diametrical line (DL1), which extends the shortest possible distance between the inner support surfaces (17) on the legs (15), when these are unloaded, has a length which is smaller than the length of an analogous second diametrical line (DL2) between a pair of diametrically opposed boundary edges (54) along the side contact surfaces (24) of the loose top. 500 505 510 515 520 525 090623 12973sE 18
[9]
Drilling tool according to claim 8, characterized in that both the inner support surfaces (17) of the pouring clamps (15) and the side contact surfaces (24) of the loose top (2) are flat, said boundary edges (54) being straight.
[10]
A drilling tool according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the individual tangential contact surface (36) of the loose tip (2) and the outer jacket surface (12) converge at an acute convergence angle (α) to each other.
[11]
Drilling tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the loose top (2) has a diameter (D1) which is larger than its axial length (L).
[12]
Drilling tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base body (1) and the loose top (2) comprise cooperating locking means (60, 61; 62, 63) for preventing unintentional axial extension of the loose top from the jaw.
[13]
Drilling tool according to claim 12, characterized in that the locking means comprises a seat (62) recessed in the rear end of the individual leg (15), in which a male member (63) located in connection with the axial contact surface (11) of the loose top (2) is insertable .
[14]
Drilling tool according to claim 13, characterized in that the seat consists of a groove (62) located behind the tangential support surface (20) of the leg (15), and the male member of a ridge (63) located behind a tangential contact surface (36) on the loose top.
[15]
Loose stop for drilling tools, comprising: a) front and rear ends (10, 1 1), the rear of which forms an axial contact surface (1 1), and a pair with a geometric center axis (C2) concentric shell surfaces (12), and two relative to these recessed chip channels (13) between which are delimited two barriers (38) radially projecting from a central core (IC), which in the front end (10) each comprise their cutting gg (3) and at least one rotationally clearance surface (30, 31, 32), b) two opposite side contact surfaces (24) against which flexible legs of a tool base body can be applied, c) a pair of convex guide surfaces (26) located axially behind the side contact surfaces (24), which are concentric with the center axis (C2) and radially ﬁ sleeved therefrom at a distance less than the radial distance between the center axis (C2) and the individual side contact surface (24), and d) a pair of torque absorbing tangential contact surfaces (36) , which are located radially inside the jacket surfaces (12) and outside the side contact surfaces (24), characterized in that the axial contact surface (11) extends at right angles to the center axis (C2), more precisely between boundary lines (29) adjacent the two jacket surfaces (12).
[16]
Loose stop according to claim 15, characterized in that the individual tangential contact surface (36) extends from the axial contact surface (11) towards the front end (10) of the loose top and merges into both a side contact surface (24) and a guide surface (26) via a niche surface ( 41).
[17]
Loose stop according to Claim 16, characterized in that the tangential contact surface (36) extends all the way from the axial contact surface (11) to a clearance surface (31) included in the front end (10).
[18]
Loose stop according to one of Claims 15 to 17, characterized in that it has a diameter (D1) which is greater than its axial length (L).
[19]
Loose stop according to one of Claims 15 to 18, characterized in that the individual side contact surface (24) is formed on a material portion (39) which is thickened relative to a core (IC), which is represented by an inscribed circle between the concave boundary surfaces of the two chip channels (13).
[20]
Loose stop according to one of Claims 15 to 19, characterized in that the two support surfaces (26) are cylindrical and / or conical.
[21]
Loose stop according to one of Claims 15 to 20, characterized in that the individual side contact surface (24) is flat and delimited by a limiting edge (54) following in rotation.
[22]
Loose stop according to claim 21, characterized in that an imaginary diametrical line (DL2) between diametrically opposite boundary edges (54) along the two side contact surfaces (24) forms an acute angle (y) with the individual side contact surface.
[23]
Loose stop according to one of Claims 15 to 22, characterized in that the individual tangential contact surface (36) and the outer shell surface (12) converge at an acute convergence angle (α) with one another. 555 560 565 090623 12973s1: 20
[24]
Loose stop according to one of Claims 15 to 23, characterized in that a male member (63) is designed in connection with the axial contact surface (1 1) for axial locking of the loose top.
[25]
Loose stop according to claim 24, characterized in that the male means consists of a ridge (63) located behind a tangential contact surface (36). Base body for drilling tools for chip removal processing, comprising front and rear ends (4, 5) and a shell surface (6), which includes two countersunk chip channels (7) and is concentric with a geometric center axis (C1) around which the base body is rotatable in a given direction of rotation (R), and a jaw (14) formed at the front end (4), which is delimited by a bottom serving as an axial support surface (16) and two legs (15) extending axially projecting therefrom, which are elastic flexible and individually comprises partly an inner support surface (17) and a tangential support surface (20) for transmitting torque to a loose top, wherein a concave guide surface (25) concentric with the center axis (Cl) is formed axially behind the individual inner support surface (17). ), characterized in that the axial support surface (16) extends at right angles to the center axis (C1), more precisely between boundary lines (6) in connection with the mantle surface (6).

类似技术:

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同族专利:

公开号 | 公开日

BRPI1002295A2|2012-03-13|

US20100322729A1|2010-12-23|

EP2266737A1|2010-12-29|

EP2266737B1|2020-01-08|

JP2011005629A|2011-01-13|

CN101927369A|2010-12-29|

US8784019B2|2014-07-22|

CN101927369B|2014-08-06|

SE533851C2|2011-02-08|

JP5702083B2|2015-04-15|

KR101573548B1|2015-12-01|

KR20100138802A|2010-12-31|

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法律状态:
2017-01-31| NUG| Patent has lapsed|

优先权:

申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

SE0900848A|SE533851C2|2009-06-23|2009-06-23|Drilling tools for chip separating machining as well as loose stop and basic body for this|SE0900848A| SE533851C2|2009-06-23|2009-06-23|Drilling tools for chip separating machining as well as loose stop and basic body for this|

EP10165329.3A| EP2266737B1|2009-06-23|2010-06-09|A drilling tool for chip removing machining as well as a loose top therefor|

US12/818,761| US8784019B2|2009-06-23|2010-06-18|Drilling tool for chip removing machining as well as a loose top and a basic body therefor|

KR1020100059149A| KR101573548B1|2009-06-23|2010-06-22|A drilling tool for chip removing machining as well as a loose top and a basic body therefor|

JP2010142816A| JP5702083B2|2009-06-23|2010-06-23|Drilling tool for chip removal machining, loose top of drilling tool and substrate|

CN201010217755.9A| CN101927369B|2009-06-23|2010-06-23|A drilling tool for chip removing machining as well as a loose top and a basic body therefor|

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